Earnings Dynamics and Inequality among Canadian Men, 1976-1992: Evidence from Longitudinal Income Tax Records

Several recent studies have found that earnings inequality in Canada has grown considerably since the late 1970's. Using an extraordinary data base drawn from longitudinal income tax records, we decompose this growth in earnings inequality into its persistent and transitory components. We find that the growth in earnings inequality reflects both an increase in long-run inequality and an increase in earnings instability. The large size of our earnings panel allows us to estimate and test richer models of earnings dynamics than could be supported by the relatively small panel surveys used in U.S. research. The Canadian data strongly reject several restrictions commonly imposed in the U.S. literature, and they also suggest that imposing these evidently false restrictions may lead to distorted inferences about earnings dynamics and inequality trends.

Earnings Dynamics and Inequality among Canadian Men, 1976-1992: Evidence from Longitudinal Income Tax Records

Several recent studies have found that earnings inequality in Canada has grown considerably since the late 1970's. Using an extraordinary data base drawn from longitudinal income tax records, we decompose this growth in earnings inequality into its persistent and transitory components. We find that the growth in earnings inequality reflects both an increase in long-run inequality and an increase in earnings instability. Our large sample size enables us to estimate and test richer models than could be supported by the relatively small panel surveys used in most previous research on earnings dynamics. For example, we are able to incorporate both heterogeneous earnings growth and a random-walk process in the same model, and we find that both are empirically significant.

Using Computer-Mediated Communication for Resource Conflicts

Technological advances have an ever-increasing impact in our society. Improved connectivity together with the increase in groups and teams has resulted in increased interest in extending the usefulness of IT at the individual level to support the issues faced by groups. In developing some of the initial uses of computer mediated communication (CMC) to support group tasks (Dennis, et al., 1988) included communication, planning, idea generation, problem solving, issue discussion, negotiation and conflict resolution. Many group tasks result in conflicts between personal and collective interests where the short-term pursuit of self-interest by one part of the organization can lead to a long-term collective disaster. Most of the previous research on this type of social dilemma has focused on factors that facilitate individual solutions: understanding the dilemma, promoting coordination and cooperative action, creating social norms of cooperation, and promoting group solidarity. Communication among group members has been shown to increase the probability that group members will make more cooperative choices and sacrifice self-interest to conserve the common resource

The History of Social Work Education for Black People 1900-1930

The nature and extent of the contributions of Black people to social work education during the early twentieth century is the focus of this paper. The scope of this investigation includes: the identification of prominent Black social work educators; analysis of the curricula and the Atlanta School of Social Work and the Bishop Turtle School; and a description of the four basic approaches to social work training for Black people during this development phase of the social work profession

The problem with environmental security: challenging the either/or approach of national versus human security in the context of the Mekong River Basin

One of the most important ideas to emerge from security studies in the past forty years is the field of research known as ‘environmental security studies’ (ESS). It has not, however, had the impact on security studies in general that it might have expected to – given the growing concerns regarding the scale and pace of environmental changes in the 20th and 21st centuries. This thesis therefore firstly seeks to understand the nature of ESS, asking whether ESS has a central theoretical core that enables it to analyse the links between the environment and security. The research shows that the ESS literature does not have a central tenet, nor a united epistemological or methodological approach. The second area of research therefore asks if there is a common theme that can be discerned within the literature. Research indicates that there is a way of understanding ESS in a more coherent fashion in that the majority of ESS scholars endeavour to comprehend the systemic security impact of environmental processes. The problem is that there is no analytical bridge between the environment, the state and the individual. This thesis therefore forwards a unique approach that argues that rather than the current either state-centric or a human security approach to ESS, it must be understood as a combination of both. This approach is termed “Systemic Environmental Security” (SES). SES is an analytical framework that takes into account the way that environmental processes give rise to both state security and human security concerns simultaneously. The thesis finally explores the unique insights provided by SES. This is achieved through a relevant case study of the Mekong River Basin. It is hoped that these unique insights provided by Systemic Environmental Security can be applied in a range of contexts, providing clearer conceptualisations of the complex relationship between security and the environment

Experimental studies on the organisation of the gustatory systems of the carp (Cyprinus carpio)

The enlarge vagal and facial lobes of the carp are associated with the presence of large numbers of taste buds located respectively, within the oropharynx, especially on the palatal organ, and on the body surface, in particular the barbels

Eberhard Haufe, ed.: Johannes Bobrowski. Peter Huchel. Briefwechsel

Stuttgart: J.G. Cotta\u27sche Buchhandlung, 1993. (Marbacher Schriften, 37), 73 p., DM 30